This is today’s edition of The Download, our weekday newsletter that provides a daily dose of what’s going on in the world of technology.

How kids feel about AI, in their own words

—Jen Swetzoff and Keeley McNamara, the founding editors of Anyway, an independent print magazine for tweens and teens

When we set out to talk to kids about AI, we thought we knew what we’d hear. We expected stories about cheating, inspiring uses, and concerns like deepfakes or job destruction. But what we actually heard from kids aged 10 to 18 had tons of nuance.

Many were so deeply against AI or uninterested in making it part of their lives that they didn’t want to talk about it at all. Others worried about cheating, the environmental impact, or AI’s effect on creativity and critical thinking.

AI doesn’t yet seem to be something a lot of them are focused on—and they aren’t begging for it, the way they do for iPhones and Snapchat. But what surprised us most was how much young people could teach adults about AI. 

Meet the kids navigating an AI-filled future—and hear what they think of it.

Scientists just created female clones of male mice

Scientists have deliberately turned male mouse embryos into females for the first time. A team based in Japan used a CRISPR-based approach to remove the Y chromosome from male cells and create female clones of male mice. 

The feat could change the way scientists think about reproduction, says Takashi Ishiuchi, a reproductive biologist at the University of Yamanashi, who co-led the work. “There’s a fixed concept in our scientific field that we need both females and males for reproduction,” says Ishiuchi. “I think we could change this concept.”

He also hopes the technique could help rescue endangered species, particularly in cases where only a few individuals remain. Find out how it works—and what it could mean for the future of reproduction and conservation.

—Jessica Hamzelou

What’s behind this summer’s heat, and why 2027 could be worse

This summer has been a scorcher for much of the Northern Hemisphere. June and July marked the hottest two-month stretch in Europe since record-keeping began, the contiguous US endured its hottest month on record in July, and South Korea saw its highest-ever recorded temperature.  

Climate change makes heat waves more likely and more intense. But there’s another factor at play: El Niño, which is already ramping up and is expected to have a bigger effect on global temperatures next year.

Here’s what’s behind this summer’s extreme heat—and why 2027 could be even hotter.

—Casey Crownhart

This story is from The Spark, our weekly climate tech newsletter. Sign up to receive it in your inbox every Wednesday.

Inside the “censorship-industrial complex” idea shaping US policy

For years, the idea of a “censorship-industrial complex” that suppressed conservative and populist speech spread in right-wing circles online. But now, the theory has made its way into the Trump administration.

Over the past nine months, MIT Technology Review investigated its origins and traced its rise

In a virtual Roundtables session today, senior reporter Eileen Guo and executive editor Amy Nordrum will explore what they discovered, where the theory is going, and what it could mean for the future of democracy and the internet.

Register here to join the session at 19:00 GMT / 2:00 pm ET / 11:00 am PT.

The must-reads

I’ve combed the internet to find you today’s most fun/important/scary/fascinating stories about technology.

1 Trump has authorized businesses to conduct cyberattacks on criminals
Vetted firms could use cyber tools against foreign criminal groups. (Reuters $)
+ They would operate under the control of the US government. (Bloomberg $)
+ Risks include escalation and inadvertent consequences. (Independent)

2 Chinese censorship is leaking into answers from American AI
ChatGPT, Claude, and Gemini can all echo authoritarian propaganda. (WSJ $)
+ Turkey’s new cyber law has stoked fears of a digital police state. (FT $)
+ Censorship conspiracy theories have entered the US policy mainstream. (MIT Technology Review) 

3 Twitch is mining people’s streams to train Amazon’s AI
All streamers are opted in to train AI with their content by default. (404 Media)
+ Users can now opt out, but the announcement has sparked uproar. (BBC)
+ AI’s memories are privacy’s next frontier. (MIT Technology Review)

4 Trump has been sued over a service selling faster access to his social posts
The Intercept and the Freedom of the Press Foundation filed the suit. (NPR)
+ They call the service corrupt” and “unconstitutional.” (Ars Technica)
+ And say it violates the right of equal access to official information. (Reuters $)

5 Police officers are using Flock cameras to stalk people
Three Georgia deputies are the latest officers accused of abuse. (NYT $)
+ But the surveillance devices still have some supporters. (Atlantic $)

6 AI reporters are now breaking big news
One just beat human journalists to a story about hacking at OpenAI. (Wired $)
+ The milestone has sparked debate about the future of journalism. (Gizmodo)

7 The web’s newest weapon against AI scrapers is a font
ShieldFont foils scrapers but keeps pages readable to people. (Ars Technica)

8 Live streaming has turned us all into Perez Hilton
It’s made us both the celebrity and the paparazzi. (New Yorker $)

9 A fossil discovery suggests live birth emerged far earlier than thought
It pushes the origin of mammalian live birth back 95 million years. (New Scientist $)

10 Scientific progress may not be slowing after all
New research disputes claims that science is getting less disruptive. (Economist $)

Quote of the day

Trump is trying to enrich himself by privatizing government information that he has no right to sell. We won’t let it stand.” 

—Ben Muessig, editor-in-chief of The Intercept, explains why his media organization is suing President Trump over his fast-access service to Truth Social posts.

One More Thing


Puerto Rico’s power struggles

Carmen Suárez Vázquez lives just minutes from Puerto Rico’s only coal-fired power plant. Black dust coats her windowpanes and the leaves of the blooming vines around her home. She doesn’t know exactly how the coal pollution got inside, but she is certain it ended up in her youngest son, Edgardo, who died of a rare form of cancer.

The plant was supposed to close in 2027. Instead, it will stay open for at least another seven years, while Puerto Rico rolls back clean-energy targets and moves ahead with new gas plants.

Meanwhile, residents are still dealing with frequent blackouts and high electricity prices. And an unelected fiscal control board has veto power over all spending by the island’s elected government, leaving Puerto Ricans with little say over their energy future.

Here’s why Puerto Rico can’t seem to escape its energy crisis.

Alexander C. Kaufman

We can still have nice things

A place for comfort, fun, and distraction to brighten up your day. (Got any ideas? Drop me a line.)

+ A double amputee has climbed the tallest mountain on every continent.
+ Enjoy a gorgeous coastal wander with Paul Theroux along the newly opened King Charles III England Coast Path.
+ A shrine for plush toys has opened in Kyoto, offering a place where visitors can pray with their favourite stuffed companions.
+ CrankGPT is a fully offline, off-the-grid AI box that makes a compelling argument that intelligent machines don’t need a data center.

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This summer has been a scorcher for much of the Northern Hemisphere. June and July marked the hottest two-month stretch in Europe since record-keeping began. The contiguous US endured its hottest month on record in July. South Korea saw its highest-ever recorded temperature.  

The heat isn’t over yet, but some scientists are already looking ahead to 2027. Experts say the latest El Niño event is going to affect next year’s temperatures more than this year’s.

So as the summer (slowly) starts to wane and temperatures (hopefully) start to come down, why has it been so hot this summer? What’s coming next year, and how should we prepare for it?

As we burn fossil fuels and fill up the atmosphere with greenhouse gases, temperatures all over the globe are on the rise—climate change makes heat waves more likely and more intense. But different regions see different warming rates, and Europe takes the prize for the world’s fastest-warming continent. (It’s second only to the Arctic in terms of regional warming.)

So it’s not terribly surprising that Europe has seen a particularly brutal summer, battered with heat wave after heat wave. One study looked at the continent’s May heat wave and found that climate change played a major role: A similar heat wave in 1976 would have been about 3.5 °C (6.3 °F) cooler than it was under today’s conditions.

The US hasn’t been excused from the heat either. July’s record for the contiguous US (which excludes Alaska and Hawaii) officially ends one held by July 1936 for nearly a century. It’s concerning that we’re breaking records set during the Dust Bowl, an environmental disaster across much of the country.

But looking ahead to next year, El Niño could have even more in store.

A quick crash course here: There’s a natural variation in patterns across the oceans and atmosphere called the El Niño–Southern Oscillation, or ENSO. Basically, over the course of several years, feedback systems between the ocean and wind patterns shift one way and then another. (These two states are the El Niño and La Niña events.)

The Pacific Ocean gets a lot of sunlight, warming up the water’s surface. In normal conditions the trade winds, caused by Earth’s rotation, carry that warm water west,  forcing colder water deep in the ocean up toward the surface in the east. In turn, warm air rises, flows east, and sinks again.

During an El Niño, the trade winds weaken and heat stored in the central Pacific builds up, warming up the air above it and creating a pocket of air that disrupts movement in the atmosphere and oceans, altering rainfall and weather across the globe.

We’ve already entered an El Niño phase, defined by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration as a period when we see the temperature in a specific part of the Pacific Ocean get 0.5 °C hotter than usual, plus associated changes in the atmosphere.

And this could be a big deal for global temperatures. El Niño doesn’t actually add energy into the climate system or warm up the entire globe on a long-term scale. It’s essentially just taking heat that’s been stored in the oceans and releasing it into the atmosphere.  

But climate change has pushed a lot of heat into storage in the atmosphere and oceans—so combining the effects of this year-to-year variation with that long-term trend could have brutal results.

This El Niño is expected to be an especially notable one. Some forecasts predict that the event could peak at over 3.5 °C above the average, potentially making it the strongest on record. It also came on quite quickly, representing “one of the fastest onsets in the observational record,” writes climate scientist Zeke Hausfather in an analysis for Carbon Brief.

And while this El Niño is already starting to have an effect on temperatures, it’s still ramping up. El Niño’s effect on global temperatures tends to lag development of the ocean pattern by several months, and the effects will likely be more significant next year. 

In some recent El Niño periods, record-breaking temperatures came during the second calendar year of the event, Hausfather points out in his analysis. The most recent El Niño developed in 2023 and ran into 2024, and 2024 is the reigning hottest year on record. There’s some uncertainty in trying to predict how the rest of this El Niño will play out, but so far, it is set to be a doozy.

Given how brutal these summer heat waves have been, there’s a pretty high likelihood that much of the world could see even higher temperatures next year. “El Niño conditions will pour fuel on the fire of a warming world,” United Nations Secretary-General António Guterres said in a video statement in June.

It’s time to start preparing for it, and individuals can take some actions in the near term: If you’ve been putting it off, I’d buy that air conditioner, install solar and a backup battery, or upgrade the insulation in your home. 

In the longer term, though, temperatures will keep climbing because we’re still burning fossil fuels and driving climate change. As Guterres said in his statement, “The only effective response is climate action equal to the crisis: ending the addiction to fossil fuels, accelerating the shift to renewables, protecting the most vulnerable, and delivering early warning systems for all.”

This article is from The Spark, MIT Technology Review’s weekly climate newsletter. To receive it in your inbox every Wednesday, sign up here

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A Proven Instagram Strategy for Business Growth by Social Media Examiner

Wondering why your Instagram content isn’t converting the way it used to? Curious what separates the accounts that consistently drive revenue from those stuck chasing views? In this article, you’ll discover a three-part Instagram marketing strategy for 2026 that combines authentic content creation, sustainable posting systems, and a simplified approach to Meta paid ads that […]

The post A Proven Instagram Strategy for Business Growth appeared first on Social Media Examiner.

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